What are Doulas?
Doulas are non-clinical support workers who provide continuous emotional, informational and physical support for individuals before, during and after labor. This includes explanations and guidance on medical procedures, lactation support, physical comfort measures during labor, education on coping skills and infant care, and encouragement of bodily autonomy and personal advocacy in the medical institution.
Community-based doulas are often of and from the same communities as their clients. As trusted members of the community, they help to bridge language and cultural barriers to pregnancy care and education.
Benefits of Doulas
There are widely noted health benefits to using doula services1 including:
- Reduce contributing factors of maternal mortality and morbidity in health care settings, particularly for Black women.
- Decreased risk of cesarean birth.
- Decreased usage of pain medication or epidural anesthesia.
- Lower rate of vacuum- or forceps-assisted birth.
- Increased rates of breastfeeding initiation, particularly among low-income and racially/ethnically diverse individuals.
- Decrease in length of birthing time.
- Increased Apgar scores for infants at birth.
Doulas can be particularly beneficial for Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) with low incomes, who are more likely to have negative birth experiences.2
However, economic insecurity or lack of health insurance coverage means doula care is often out of reach for the families who need it the most.
The Issue
Due to inadequate compensation structures for this model of care, access to and availability of community-based doulas are lacking throughout New Jersey.
Doulas in New Jersey
As of January 2021, doulas and doula agencies have been able to enroll as Medicaid/NJ FamilyCare providers in fee-for-services (FFS) and managed care. NJ FamilyCare doula care can only be provided by those doulas who have completed NJ Department of Human Services and NJ Department of Health training.3 The current doula reimbursement rate for standard care is $1,165, which includes up to 8 visits in the prenatal or postpartum period and attendance at the delivery for labor support.
All pregnant, birthing and postpartum individuals are eligible for doula care, regardless of medical complexity. Services are available starting in the prenatal period and up to 180 days postpartum. Doula services may be provided in the community, in clinicians’ offices, or in hospitals.
As of September 2023, 80 individuals and agencies are registered as FFS providers with NJ FamilyCare.